文献：Nano-Sized Polystyrene at 1 mg/L Concentrations Does Not Show Strong Disturbance on the Freshwater Microbial Community

文献链接：https://europepmc.org/article/MED/32737512

作者：Zhenyan Zhang,Meng Zheng,Bingfeng Chen,Yizhou Pan,Zhihan Yang,Haifeng Qian

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nPS 纳米级聚苯乙烯

原文摘要：In recent years, microplastics and nanoplastics have gained public attention, but their impacts on the freshwater microbial communities is rarely evaluated. In this study, the efects of 1 mg/L nano-sized polystyrene (nPS) and its modifed forms (carboxyl-modifed and amino-modifed nPS) on the structures and functions of freshwater microbial community were determined. The nPS were found to slightly reduce the chlorophyll-a and increase the phycocyanin contents

of freshwater microbial communities. Moreover, the richness of the microbial communities temporarily decreased during this process, while their diversity remained uninfuenced by treatment with nPS. Although the three tested nPS types were found to disturb the compositions of both the prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities to some degree, they did not afect the functions of freshwater bacterial communities signifcantly due to functional redundancy. Our study demonstrated that the ecotoxicities of the nPS itself were found to be lower than what is generally expected.

纳米级聚苯乙烯具有较高的比表面积，这赋予其较强的吸附能力，可有效吸附特定的物质或分子，在催化剂载体、吸附剂等领域有着潜在应用。纳米级聚苯乙烯具备出色的化学稳定性，能在多种化学环境中保持稳定结构，不易发生化学反应。同时，它的加工性能良好，可通过多种工艺与其他材料复合或成型。在生物检测中可作为标记物。 该文献研究测定了纳米级聚苯乙烯（nPS）及其修饰形式（羧基修饰和氨基修饰的nPS）对淡水微生物群落结构和功能的影响。实验如下：

图：暴露于nPS中微生物群落的组成和功能基于16S rRNA基因序列预测的COG功能的相对丰度

选择nPS-COOH和nPS-NH2，分析nPS的表面修饰是否会改变其对淡水微生物群落的生物效应。在去离子水中制备1g/L的nPS悬浮液，并在25℃的超声波清洗浴（20 kHz，100 W）中超声处理，以在使用前实现分散。地表水放置在冷白色树脂光下一段时间，将收集到的地表水，包括淡水微生物群落，分为对照组和处理组。在这个过程中，部分水在消Poison 的玻璃烧杯中重复培养三次。然后，加入NPs悬浮液，直到达到一定浓度。

图：三种测试的nPS类型在没有微生物的地表水中的实际水动力直径

结论：nPS可轻微降低淡水微生物群落的叶绿素a，增加藻蓝蛋白含量。此外，在此过程中，微生物群落的丰富度暂时下降，而nPS处理仍未影响其多样性。虽然三种nPS类型在一定程度上干扰了原核生物和真核生物群落的组成，但由于功能冗余，它们并没有影响淡水bacteria群落的功能。