文献:Molecularly engineering a lipid nanoregulator destroying the last defense of ferroptosis in breast cancer therapy
文献链接:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1385894724048551
作者:Jiaping Wu , Xuan Zhang , Dongqi Sun , Xianbao Shi , Jin Sun , Cong Luo , Zhonggui He , Shenwu Zhang
相关产品:DSPE-SS-PEG2K(磷脂-二硫键-聚乙二醇)
原文摘要:
Ferroptosis, as a uniquely regulated form of cell death, has garnered significant interest in the field of oncology. Most ferroptosis inducers facilitate the intracellular buildup of lipid peroxidation by inhibiting glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). However, the high saturation level of membrane lipids can shield cancer cells from reactive oxygen species-induced damage, preventing lipid peroxidation triggered by GPX4 inhibitors. Herein, we precisely constructed a lipid nanoregulator of RSL3 and Orlistat through a molecular engineering strategy. In this nanosystem, Orlistat functions as a “dual enhancer”, significantly enhancing both the assembly capability and the anti-tumor effectiveness of RSL3. Orlistat can significantly enhance the synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids and reduce the saturation level of lipid membranes by inhibiting fatty acid synthase (FASN). Consequently, Orlistat successfully dismantles the final defense (lipid membrane protection), synergistically amplifying ferroptosis with RSL3-induced GPX4 depletion. As expected, the lipid nanoregulator demonstrates a potent antitumor activity in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. This study represents an effective paradigm for ferroptosis-driven antitumor nanotherapeutics.
DSPE-SS-PEG2K:DSPE(1,2 - 二硬脂酰 - sn - 甘油 - 3 - 磷酸乙醇胺):一种磷脂成分。磷脂是生物膜的关键组成部分,在构建脂质体等纳米结构时,DSPE 能够提供类似生物膜的脂质双层结构。它赋予了整个分子一定的生物相容性,因为这种磷脂结构与生物体内细胞的细胞膜组成成分相似,使得该物质在生物医学应用中能够更好地与生物体相互作用,减少不良影响。SS(二硫键):二硫键在结构中起到一个可断裂的连接作用。在氧化环境下,二硫键相对稳定,但在细胞内的还原性环境中,二硫键可以发生断裂。这种特性对于化合物递送等应用重要,它可以作为一种触发机制,当载体进入细胞内的合适环境后,释放所携带的化合物或其他生物活性物质。PEG(聚乙二醇):聚乙二醇是一种具有良好亲水性的聚合物。它能够增加分子的水溶性,使得整个 DSPE - SS - PEG 分子在水性环境中有更好的分散性。此外,PEG 还可以减少蛋白质的吸附,这对于在生物体内的应用来说,可以降低被免疫系统识别的风险,延长循环的时间。基于DSPE-SS-PEG2K的相关性能,介绍如下:
图:DSPE 、奥利司他结构式
分别将 RSL3 和奥利司他溶解在适量的氯仿和甲醇混合溶剂中,可在超声仪中超声处理,确保化合物完全溶解,得到 RSL3 溶液和奥利司他溶液。将 DSPE - SS - PEG 溶解在氯仿中,制成一定浓度的溶液,在磁力搅拌器上缓慢搅拌使其均匀溶解。将 RSL3 溶液和奥利司他溶液缓慢滴加到 DSPE - SS - PEG 溶液中,在冰浴条件下磁力搅拌,使化合物与脂质充分混合均匀。利用旋转蒸发仪在减压条件下将混合溶液中的有机溶剂缓慢蒸发除去,旋转速度控制在合适范围,直至在圆底烧瓶内壁形成一层均匀的脂质薄膜,薄膜中包含 RSL3 和奥利司他。向形成脂质薄膜的烧瓶中加入适量预热的缓冲溶液,缓冲溶液的体积根据目标纳米颗粒浓度确定。然后将烧瓶置于超声仪中超声处理,超声功率和频率根据仪器特性调整,使脂质薄膜分散形成纳米颗粒悬浮液,即得到 RSL3 和奥利司他的脂质纳米调节剂。
结论:
该文献成功制备出一种基于DSPE-SS-PEG2K合成的RSL3和奥利司他的脂质纳米调节剂。
在这个纳米系统中,奥利司他充当“双重增强剂”,能够增强RSL3的组装能力和抗tumour效果。奥利司他通过抑制脂肪酸合酶(FASN),明显增强多不饱和脂肪酸的合成,降低脂膜的饱和水平。